Explanations of Underdevelopment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Explanations of Underdevelopment - Essay ExampleMultinational corporations or MNC cease broadly be defined as the business corporations that operate across the world and have operation units in different countries. They are not only equipped with abundant financial resources moreover they also have significant abilities to transfer knowledge across the internationalistic market. Underdeveloped nations, on the other hand are not financially or otherwise equipped to exploit their own resources. Thus, they become highly attractive business propositions for multinational companies as they can exploit the commodious market potential of the region. But that is not the whole truth. MNCs bring their knowledge and use their financial expertise to not only exploit host surface areas resources but they also contribute extensively to their socio-economic development.Theory of dependency primarily relies on financial aids to the underdeveloped nations from developed countries or internation al aid agencies that are much misused or used in areas other than infrastructural development. These aids are often in the form of soft loans but they still increase the debt liability of the already poor countries. The money is frequently misused or not used on areas infrastructure development, education, health etc which could make headway the society on long term. The inability of the government to appropriately go for financial resources results in vicious debt trap. Isbister emphatically claims that they are waylaid by the debt crisis (2003 180). ... The money is frequently misused or not used on areas infrastructure development, education, health etc which could benefit the society on long term. The inability of the government to appropriately utilize financial resources results in vicious debt trap. Isbister emphatically claims that they are waylaid by the debt crisis (2003 180). Third world countries like Ghana, Botswana etc are prime examples where vast disparity of inco me is highly visible. condescension massive international aid, the common man is still reeling under abject poverty. other important fact is that financial aids are often able to conditions which are either not practical for poor nations or they fail to instill necessary discipline amongst the policy makers for its effective utilization so that it can filter down to the common man. At the same time, it also provides huge power to the donor which is often exploited by them for their own benefits vis-a-vis poor wages to local persons, exploitation of natural resources at low cost etc. MNCs in such scenario may justifiably become the scapegoat for vested interests. Another important aspect of dependency theory is that third world countries get used to the foreign aid because most of them are characterized by unstable socio-political environment. This helps the vested interests in the higher hierarchy of politics and bureaucracy to divert fund for their own interests. Thus, socio-ec onomic growth of the underdeveloped nations remains a dream. Modernization theory, on the other hand, focuses on capitalist principles of market and exhorts underdeveloped economies for more liberal market based policies to facilitate foreign investment. It also makes underdeveloped countries more attractive for MNCs who can

Iran Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Iran - Case Study ExampleThis major concern is accompanied by a blackball attitude towards Irans growing influence in post-war Iraq, which potentially can threaten the security and stability of the office.However, some analysts believe that Irans enrichment activity has some other explanation besides the intention to build a nuclear weapon. They suggest that Irans leaders are seeking to empower their influence in the region and create destabilization in the Eastern hemisphere by spreading a word about their enriching uranium. This is what experts call strategic ambiguity sowing doubt sort of of building an actual bomb.Iran is a party of The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, however, its status of Iranian nuclear program is in dispute collect to the fact that the leaders of Iran refuse to reveal their uranium enrichment program. This fact seems to be suspect for other countries as they are afraid that the activity of Iran is not peaceful. At the same time, Iran insists that all countries have the right to enrich uranium and that this activity in Iran has nothing in common with the production of nuclear weapons, because it would violate the spectral principles. International Atomic Energy Agency could not find any evidence that Iran produces the materials for a nuclear weapon, but Iran refused to provide the agency with information that could splay that their activity is peaceful, so this question remains in dispute.Hezbollah is a leading political force in Lebanon, which brings more strength to Iran with its links to this Shiite organization. However, Lebanon is no longer an Iranian satellite, it has become a fully autonomous partner, keeping within Irans strategic direction. Iran is striving to protect Hezbollah as an distinguished element of its defense system against the USA and Israel.Iran has a power potential as a second larger producer of OIL among OPEC countries and it is one of the biggest unprocessed oil experts in the world , however, this potential is not likely to be completely realized. After the Revolution, the Iranian economy has been poorly managed and it does not have enough resources to participation for and support the dominant position in the region.

Explain the basic principles of MR image production Essay - 2

Explain the basic principles of MR image production - Essay ExampleMRI is the safest imaging clinical imaging proficiency that is used for a variety of medical purposes like differentiating between normal and pathological tissues for diagnosis and tracking dynamic changes in tissue properties over time. magnetism is physical phenomenon in which materials and travel charged particles can attract or repel other materials or moving charged particles (Ballinger, Intro to MRI, 1998). Magnetism results from moving electric charges or intrinsic spin moments of electrons or nucleis. Spin is a quantum mechanical property. This means that the available spin energy levels are constrained to specific, decided values. A spin 1/2 particle has only two possible spin states spin up (+ 1/2) or spin overpower (- 1/2). The magnetic moment is aligned with the spin. The spin-up and spin-down states are described as being equal in energy, or degenerate. However, if another magnetic field is introduced , the spin-up and spin-down states leave behind be no longer equal in energy. The energy difference introduced by applying the external magnetic field is known as the Zeeman splitting (van Geuns, 1999). This ready is very important in such applications as magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetism can be classified as paramagnetism, diamagnetism, ferromagnetism, and antiferromagnetism (Ballinger, Intro to MRI, 1998).Having microscopic magnetization, protons within a magnetic field produce wobbling as they spin. The rate of this wobbling or precession constitutes resonance or Larmor frequency (Intro to MRI). The application of a radio frequency pulse at the Larmor frequency causes a change in the distribution of spins with respect to their energy state and precessional phase coherence (Rodrguez, 2003). Practically, it means that If individual nuclei is exposed to RF radiation at the Larmor frequency, nuclei in the lower energy state jumps to the higher energy state (Intro to MRI). Upon

Analyzing the causes of change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analyzing the causes of change - Essay ExampleThis lead to a position for Nokia which was not so mobile similar before. The changes in the political environment included relaxation in the regulatory norms in telecommunication industry which attracted increasing number of foreign players in the telecommunications and mobile handset industry. The increase in the number of competitor and the launch of newly designed handsets in the trade posed major challenges for Nokia (Burnes, 2009, p.52). The inclination of the guests towards the camera handsets launched by the competitors of Nokia led to the moderate in grocery share of Nokia. The rise of Nokia to the leadership position in the 1990s created increasing job opportunities and rise in the income level of the good deal of various economies. The rise of the middle income group was the potential market that was tapped by the competitors of Nokia. The mobile handsets of Nokia were old fashioned that dated 10 years back. The market t rends aphorism the launch of flashy and newly designed handsets with colourful screens and folding patterns (Reiss, 2012, p.39). The changes in the mobile handsets matched with the evolving accessible trends and demands of the customers. Nokia was unable to keep up with the recent changes in the market for which the market of Nokia declined in the recent years. Even the most loyal Finnish market of Nokia witnessed a decline in share from 93% to 80%. The proficient advancements in the telecommunications industry and the increase in market share of LG, Motorola posed major threats to the business of Nokia in the several markets across the world. The mobile phone operators like Vodafone favoured the other mobile handset makers as they desired to provide services on mobile handsets that were updated to the market trends. Nokia did not believe in co-branding while the market trends saw increasing number of joint ventures and co-branding of products in order to meet the demands of cust omers (SENGUPTA, BHATTACHARYA and SENGUPTA, 2006, p.31). The sharing of technology in the market helped the other market players to tap the customer segments who were looking for changes in the available features of the mobile handsets. These temporal changes in telecommunication device offerings to the market were due to the strategic policy making of the competitors (McLoughlin and Aaker, 2010, p.21). The changes in the political, economic, social and technological environment led to the loss of interest for Nokia among the market segments. Nokia could not identify the changes that took place in the market and failed to undertake strategic policies of change worry in a timely manner. All these factors led to the decline in mobility of Nokia in the recent years. Use of multiple cause diagrams forces of change management The decline in the market share of Blackberry smart-phones could be represented with the help of a multiple cause diagram to determine the factors that led to the changing scenario in the business of Research in Motion (RIM), the makers of Blackberry. The multiple cause diagrams would help the organization to respond to the forces of change and also enables the company in addressing the key variables in order to solve the complex dynamics of prevailing

Big Time Sports Essay Example for Free

Big Time Sports EssayBig time sports in colleges atomic number 18 governed by guidelines and regulations. These sports are mostly in campuses and colleges. Big time sports can sometime lead to furious behaviour and undeserving behaviour, which are morally questionable. Most athletics can start victimization alcohol or drugs as incentives so that they can be able to practice for long hours without getting tired. These college athletes want to be the beat during tournament because they will do everything possible to fulfill the goals, targets of the team. The convergeers want to be selected because only the competitive and talented players make the team.In tournament you will find that violent behaviour is experienced in the field and university principles like ensure are undermined. Big time sports have its vices. Lack of discipline is one of them. Lack of discipline is constant practiced by the team players but the campus or colleges can avoid this and as a penalty to the players who misbehave they should not be allowed to play for the team until they are disciplined. Big time sports have been commercialized by the colleges and campus that participate in them because they compete with professional players.Many institutions end up using a lot of resources financially to build big stadiums. These can sometime lead to corruptions as sport grants and aid to these colleges and campus do not follow a procedure. Big time sports have programs, which govern the sports in the campuses and colleges. These programs do not receive a positive public exposure repayable to recruitment scandals, favourism found on gender issues, other students who participate in the sports end up performing badly academically, which is not good for the college.Colleges compete against each other amidst highly skilled teams of students halting scholarships. (Murray, 70) Big time sports can lead to conflict between academic performance and athletics. Colleges and campuses offering c ourses in liberal humanistic discipline and sports have shown that the students who participate in college sports do not do well academically. This has led to college to tag the students in the graduation list who participate in college sports so as to compare them with the other students who dont participate in sports. (Murray, 70)Big time sports cannot be successful if it wasnt for the role the coaches play in these college sports. The coaches train the students with talent because they know the success of the team depends on the athletes talent. So if it is nurtured well, the more successful the team will be. If the team players are good that will reflect on how well the coach is because they learn from him as he guides them. Big time sports open opportunities. Most players are discovered while smooth in high school hence if recruitment is done properly the most talented players are got easily.Recruitment plays a major role in the success of a team taking into consideration tha t the team has competitive players hence stakes are set high for new players because if one is a good player possibility of being bought by a sport body to play for them are high. Other players are bought while still in high school, which can make them not finish high school, which is not right. High school athletes have to follow guidelines. Official visits are limited due to costs and if the player decides to have an official visit, it will be at his own expense. Big time sports have benefits to both colleges and campus and the players.These sports in terms of cost, put one over a lot of resources in the campus budget. At the end, regardless of the high cost, when the colleges win in the college sport, there is usually an increase in application of students who want to crossroads the college, donations also increase, teamwork is enhanced among the players, opposing teams are also united especially during the tournaments and lastly, it attracts athletes from diverse background. ( Murray, 70) Big time sports are governed by guidelines and procedures. Due to technology, talented athletes are spotted even before they get to college and recruitment starts.They start the recruitment process by viewing the videotapes of applicants, dossiers, transcripts, which they sort. The ones short-listed are met in person. The final list is submitted to the admission charge office and also those who are academically qualified are admitted. The colleges also have committees to answer questions about college sports or any issue related to it. Issues to do with recruitment, complains and corruption, are also looked into by the committee. Works Cited Page Murray, S. College Sports, Inc. The Athletic Department vs. the University. Henry Holt Company. 1990.

Child Health Patterns Essay Example for Free

Child Health Patterns Essay1)Comp ar and contrast identified similarities as well as residuals in expected assessment across the childhood get on with groups.In the health perception category p bents are responsible for their childs perceived level of health and well-being, and on practices for maintaining health. In the school fester geezerhood the children are beginning to incorporate their own health practices like good hygiene in their daily lives. The nutrition and metabolic pattern continues with booster of the parents. Toddlers and preschoolers rely on their parents to make sure that they are eating the right foods. School age kids are in the stage where they can pick stunned their own foods and have been taught what the best sources of good nutrition are. In the toddler age group, parents are beginning to initiate toileting training. By the school age years this age groups has elimination patterns similar to adults. With the exception of those who have elimination problems like enuresis.Throughout the three age groups, activeness and exercise levels continue to increase with the nurture of new fine and gross motor skills. Once again parents continue to play a big role by promoting healthy levels of physical activity with their child. As the child begins to age so does their ability to comprehend and use information. Each age group the child continues to add another cognitive function. The biggest difference amongst sleep patterns is that as the child ages naps are no longer needed. All of the age groups tend to need at least 8 hours of sleep. The differences between the age groups in the roles and relationship pattern is that in the toddler and preschool age they try to identify with their parents or care givers whereas school age children begin to direction or identify with their peers. The value and belief pattern is instilled in the child when they are born. Parents or caregivers teach their children what values are important to them.2) Summarize how a reserve would handle physical assessments, examinations, education, and communication differently with children versus adults. Consider spirituality and cultural differences in your answer.Adults and children are in two different stages of life. Children are in the stages were they are still learning and get a lineing how the healthcare world works. Most adults on the other hand are used to going to the doctor and they kind of understand the routine during the assessment process.Many assessment techniques for the child are similar to those of the adults. Techniques for approaching the pediatric patient vary from one age group to the next. A basic principle during the physical assessment is building a trusting relationship this can be done in a variety of slipway (Estes, 2006, pg 848).When assessing the child the nurse must establish a plot plan based on the childs age. Children are already frightened about(predicate) the idea of receiving an exam but the nurse c an use techniques to reduce anxiety. Parents or caregivers must be available for support. According to Estes, 2006 nurses can use game playing and they can demonstrate procedures on a doll, stuff toy or on the parent to increase patient cooperativeness. The writer remembers learning in nursing school about when taking the blood of a younger child. Never say Im going to take your blood pull but say something like I going to see how strong your muscles are with this cuff. When educating the child try to involve their parents but use materials that are on the childs level. This can consists of materials that use colorful pictures and graphics.Individuals have to understand their own beliefs and traditions especially nurses who are with always dealing with the public. Each sidereal day more nurses are providing care to patients that are from different cultures. With such a diverse population challenges will be faced. As American society shifts in demographics and attitudes about diver sity, there is a growing recognition that health and illness care occurs in dynamic interactions situated within complex cultural contexts for twain patients and providers (Benkert, Borse, Doorenbos,Schim,2005, pg324). Nurse have to be more culturally sensitive when assessing and educating patients. If the nurse is unfamiliar with ethnicity or race then research should be done before the assessment if time allows.ReferencesBenkert, R. Borse,N. Doorenbos, A. Schim, S.2005. Psychometric Evaluation of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument Among Healthcare Providers. Nursing Research.54(5)324-331.Edleman,C. Mandle C.(2010). Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span. atomic number 42 Mosby Elsevier. Estes M. (2006). Health Assessment Physical Examination.Canada Thompson Delmar Learning.

Hofstede Individualism - Uk vs Can Essay Example for Free

Hofstede Individualism Uk vs Can EssayThere be military personnely gigantic differences among the numerous pagan value systems, as to the highest degree value systems are rooted strongly in history and appear to be resistant to substitute (De Mooij, 2003). How ever so, if a culture has a signifi go offt influence on the development of another nations culture, is it surprising that those same values could very hygienic transfer over? In the newer developed culture that adopted traits of a mother nation, is it not plausible for such aspects as advertisement and dialogue strategies to temper potential for applic great power to both cultures alike? As Canada is a part of unify res publicas Commonwealth, it is a logical assumption that they inherited ethnic traits and attributes commonly associated with those from the UK. Invoking the question whether they have they lost these cultural notions over their years of independence?According to Geert Hofstedes cultural attribu tes (Hofstede, 2001) individualism is an apparent cultural distinctive that both the f every(prenominal) in Kingdom and Canada unsounded presently share. An international communicator could make a reasonable presumption that advertisement and communication strategies from the United Kingdom, macrocosm a mother nation to Canada, can be successfully utilized in Canada. In spite of this, there are little resources available to support such an acclamation. For such reason, the objective of this paper is to identify cultural attributes shared between the United Kingdom and Canada. Thus engaging the question What significant features in several(prenominal) Crimes authorizepers campaigns, reflect cultural similarities of both Canada and United Kingdom?Purpose This research report will aim to establish significant comparable characteristics of Canada and United Kingdoms national resemblance over Hofstedes cultural individualism. Therefore, analyzing of adverts from bothcountries Crime stoppers programs, assessing over the traits epitomized through Geert Hofstedes individualism/collectivism cultural dimension and criteria of the highschool/ deplorable-context culture. This will give insight of cultural comparable characteristics from the adverts, which bares practical relevance for international communicators planning advertisements in both or each of the respective countries. The crew of distinguishing major similar characteristics evident in such adverts, and weighing them with the attributes stated in Hofstedes dimensions of Canada and United Kingdom can act as a pertinent source for future cross-culture comparisons. 2PageTheoretical Framework Culture typi vociferationy holds a fuzzy perception, which makes effective marketing and advertising communication difficult in adapting to a foreign or international target markets cultural values. For communication practitioners to assess their strategys refer on another cultural market there needs to be a basis in w hich they can conduct such evaluation. Such a basis for cross-examining countries does exist and is held in the highest regard for cultural comparison. The basis for said desire, is in Geert Hofstedes 5 cultural dimensions Power Distance (PDI), Individualism versus socialism (IDV), Masculinity versus Femininity (MAS), Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) and Long-term versus Short-term orientation (LTO). These dimensions are used by many in the subject of cross-cultural communications one individual in particular whose cross-cultural theories are deeply rooted from these 5 dimensions is Marieke de Mooij.As exclaimed by de Mooij (2003) Countries can now be compared by means of dimensional scales and culturein particular Hofstedes (1991, 2001) dimensions of national culture are useful because of availability of uncouth scores for a large-scale number of countries and the characteristics these dimensions implicate. Geert Hofstedes 5-dimension model plays such a significant role in this resea rch paper as it is from here that the main basis of the cultural connection concept originates. As one can see, Individualism of the IDV cultural dimension is where the United Kingdom and Canada excel the most (see Figure 2, Appendix). Thus, that dimension is most applicable in crossculturall(a)y comparing the devil nations programs to determine dominant characteristics in their similarities.In accordance with Geert Hofstedes cultural dimension soil scores, United Kingdom andCanada rank relatively high in Individualism of the IDV dimension with scores of 89 and 80 respectively making it a top dimension to match the two. There are several factors pertaining to individualism that define an individualists ideals versus that of a collectivist. Four noteworthy merits of importance to individualistic ideals are privacy, individual initiative, culpability, and independence (de Mooij, 2010). Several researchers works have associated these aspects reflecting traits commonly found with individualism favouring nations. To list ac couple of said researchers Lamoreaux and Morling (2012), Zandpour (1994), Albers-Miller and Gelb (1996), de Mooij herself (1998), and Dahl (2004).While the quadruple aforementioned factors are a good basis, another criterion is needed to compare Individualism of United Kingdom and Canada in order to gain a valuable insight into potential for cross culture communication strategies. This category compliments Hofstedes individualistic and collectivistic culture dimension, and is another worthy beak in classifying a nations different depiction on individualism and collectivism. The vast difference between individualistic and collectivistic cultures is in the start/high-context communication methods (de Mooij, 2010). Through advertisements in these individualistic cultures, the public expects a personal and direct approach.Edward house developed a theory on high/low context, which compliments Hofstedes individualism/collectivism framework ( Hillebrand, 2007) eyepatch Dahls (2004) work supports the elements of Hofstedes dimensions and manor halls low context alike. Halls theory coincides with concepts from de Mooij over cross culture comparing of a low-context culture. low-context culture concepts are defined in three areas, organism straightforward literal communication, their directives and emphasis on use of personal pronouns. These concepts hold relevance as Canada and United Kingdom carry labels as individualistic nations by Hofstede therefore low-context in nature and analyzing their respective adverts through the individualistic trait and concepts of low-context messages, will reveal which characteristics are significant in defining them as culturally comparable.Methodology The methodology used for this paper is in a qualitative analysis of a few commercial adverts. In order to distinguish characteristics shared by United Kingdom and Canada, I decided to observe citizen participation programs functioning in both regions Crimestoppers. Two television adverts from each nation were selected one set being more of a Lesson form of advertisement, and another being a more Drama style of advertisement. The targets for each of the respective Crimestoppers ads are aimed for the public of densely populate and urban areas Toronto, Canada and Lon tangle with, England. To determine similarities the two commercials from each country analyze the verbal and visual elements displayed throughout the adverts. The verbal and visual elements examined and evaluated for their cultural similarities, through the criteria deriving from Hofstede, Dahl, de Mooij and Halls theories.The characteristics of Hofstedes individualism cultural dimension and Halls (1990) concepts in the low-context culture supported by de Mooij (2003, 2010) and Dahl (2004) establish a give way understanding of which characteristics are dominant in making United Kingdom and Canada culturally similar. The operationalizing of these concep ts are by analyzing the four commercials two ads for each respective country where in the assessment criteria stems from the aforementioned theories of Hofstede, Hall and de Mooij. The four criteria of the individualism dimension used are 1. Privacy 2. Individual initiative 3. Culpability 4. Independence With the rest three precedents of the low-context category being 1. Straightforward approach 2. Directives 3. Personal pronouns The operationalizing of these seven aspects is over each of the four commercials, formulating the criteria for assessing the Crimestoppers adverts visual and verbal elements in a dishearten form (see Table 1.1 Table 1.2, in Results).The table lists each of the criterions under the two categories individualism and lowcontext and uses a rating system and an example box as the columns to assess the measure for each Crimestoppers characterization. The rating system uses a scale from 1-5, 1 representing the lowest presence in ads and 5 representing the s trongest presence. The example column is where quick examples and points of each of the aspects from the Crimestoppers commercial, to better support the rating.There are two tables each comparing one Canadian picture to one UK video, to highlight which cultural criteria dominantly depicts resemblance between the two nations. The four Crimestoppers adverts that are used are titled and followed by a brief description below 1. (CAN) Toronto Crimestoppers unnamed i. The beginning depicts a man robbing a convenient store with a hooded sweater and a gun. He then holds up the clerk when he realizes that the clerk is wearing a ski mask. Upon panicking, he realizes the witness inside the store, the old lady at the door when trying to exit, the child in the house looking out the window and the family in the car driving by are all wearing skiemasks. This is then pursued by the text You stay anonymouscriminals dont before the Crimestoppers logo appears.2. (UK) Dont let them get away with it Drink drivingi. A man facing addresses the audience about ever witnessing a drink driver and doing nothing about it. Scene changes to the man in the background of a bar witnessing another man chugging d experience beer while confessing that he has witnessed a man enjoying too many drinks. Then states somebody should of stopped him from driving homeI could of, but didnt. This is followed by the man stating that is was now only a matter of time, as the drunk driver gets in his car and his the man talking. Then closing wrapping up the video with the text Drink drivers dont let them get away with it and the Crimestoppers logo and ad sponsors.3. (CAN) Call Taker Taking Anonymous Phone TIP Toronto Crimestoppers i. The video begins immediately with the operator on the phone with an anonymous inclineper. Ensures the individual that the call is completely anonymous and not recorded. She then proceeds to ask questions about the tip about bullying in school, such as location, who is invo lved, description, recent activities. Then closes with informing the caller that if the information does lead to any arrest or conviction, that they can be eligible for a reward for up to $2,000 and gives them information about a case number that they may call andfollow up on. 4. (UK) What happens when I call Crimestoppers? i. Opening textwith Your say. This is followed by character sketch of a person calling on the phone before opening the blastoff of the phone operator greeting the caller.The caller nervous about giving information and asking for confirmation of anonymity. The operator then ensures him of anonymity, no call recording. call display, no court appearance or statement and that all she need is the information. Caller says that he had seen who stabbed an individual but was still reluctant to give information. She consoles him and really lets him know that it is completely anonymous and that she is not the police. He then confides in her who the stabber was, then rushes off the phone. The queues the closing text this could have be your call and all the information has now been passed on anonymously to the relevant police force.The first two videos are the more Drama oriented adverts and the following two are more Lesson styled videos, informing and teaching the viewer of how the system work. The criteria for the analysis deduced from the concepts and theories of Hofstede, Hall (1990), De Mooij (2010) and Dahl (2004) can make the depiction the values of Hofstedes IDV dimension are apparent in the individualism of United Kingdom and Canada alike. These theories will determine whether the evaluation implies a similar relation between the culturalnatures, depicted between the adverts of the two nations Crimestoppers programs. As a result, the findings from the concepts will prove or disprove Expectation 1 (see Figure 1- Conceptual Framework). Consequently revealing the ability of the results to determine the validity of Expectation 2 (see Figure 1) .Results The analysis of all four videos over the seven concepts of the Individualism and Lowcontext factors, proved to be successful. What was beneficial from the data analysis is that it did produce an insight to the dominant characteristics that both United Kingdom and Canada similarly portrayed in their respective Crimestoppers commercials. The four adverts are identifiable in de Mooijs basic advertising forms as the first two commercials were Drama forms of advertising, as the both boasted interplaybetween two characters to create a story in representation of the Crimestoppers program. The big aspects of the individualism and low-context cultures properly reflect Hofstedes high individualistic ranking of Canada and the UK. As depicted in the analysis results from Table 1.1 and 1.2 (see below,) the prominent aspects unearthed were the Culpability and Privacy cultural aspect of an individualistic cultures, as well as through the Straightforward approach associated with the low- context culture.The Culpability aspect was found to be a dominant criterion of individualism across all four of the videos with a total rating of 8 for both Canada and United Kingdom. In the Toronto Crimestoppers Anonymous video analyzed in Table 1.1, it was portrayed that all potential witnesses were wearing ski masks and that they ranged from very young to the elderly. This implied the ease and lack of risk for yourself in simply reporting what information you could. In the Dont let them get away with it Drink driving commercial, guilty conscious was created in their efforts to thread just how little effort you had to put into a prevention measure.Also, that in doing something, one could prevent someone from losing their life, as the speaker in the video could of prevented his own death by simply giving Crimestoppers a call. Moreover, in the third video Call Taker Taking Anonymous Phone TIP Toronto Crimestoppers, analyzed in Table 1.2, it is severely emphasized by the call ope rator that there is no association, no having to go to court or give a statement, fasten into your efforts. Finally, in the last advert, What happens when I call Crimestoppers? You hear the conversation between the call operator and a paranoid youth, who reluctant at first and still feeling at risk still provided information of a stabbing.The Straightforwardness has been found to be the leading feat of low-context criteria across the four Crimestoppers adverts with ratings of 8 for United Kingdom and Canada alike. The blunt approach is displayed in the 1st commercial as an armed suspect instantly enters the scene, yet throughout the whole commercial all witnesses are so evidently portrayed as hidden, protected, and anonymous should they wish to share any information. In the 2nd Crimestoppers advertisement the audience is instantly in use(p) in a Have you allowed this happen? scenario created with the speaker questioning theviewer if they acted as he did which ultimately lead to hi s death. The 3rd and 4th ad, while being from Canada and UK respectively, both have the same depiction of the straightforward approach as in the first words involve Crimestoppers and they go on to highlight the significance of anonymity, low risk and ease for the information to be provided.Table 1.1 shows that the Privacy feat authentic low ratings out of the first two Crimestoppers advertisements yet they received a 5 in the rating each make the total for both nations a rating of 6. As the second two commercials were Lesson forms of advertisements, particularly of the sub-category of presentment as both commercials had a presenter demonstrate how the product works de Mooij (2010). Over this set I found the Privacy feature to be a distinguishable characteristic of individualism, as both Crimestoppers commercials depicted strong symbols of privacy with the emphasis on ones personal space is not compromised, and in no way threatened.Table 1.2 states evidence observed in 3rd and 4th adverts of the operators giving such statements as We are not recording anything, dont need any information about you and wont even tell the police it was a man or woman who called. beneath are the results from the analysis of the four Crimestoppers adverts for encouragement of participation programs. Table 1.1 (1 Lowest presence 5 Strong presence) Canadian Crimestoppers 1 Toronto Crimestoppers Anonymous Rating (1-5) individual Features Privacy 1 No depiction of individualistic privacy 1 The aspect of not having to come to a station, or have to have regime entering.